Saturday, November 30, 2019

Moreover, when looking at Geer... free essay sample

Moreover, when looking at Geertz book Religion as a Cultural System Geertz paid more attention to the ways in which religion is articulated, how religion connects with the spiritual aspects and sorcery, his definition of religion is that Religion is a system of symbols which acts to establish powerful, pervasive and long-lasting moods and motivations. Religion is mostly used in ways that it paints a picture of how a person should live and the way things really are, everyone has specific values that they hold but it might differ from another individuals morals and value they hold. Each person performs religious practices differently but the interpretation of religion is the one gets everyone confused. For example the Indigenous view dream time as a religion where they sing and write stories for generations, witchcraft and sorcery might also be viewed as a religion to some people and then we have Islamic, Christianity and science, which people also beliefs and that belief might have a certain affect on them including their prospective of how they view the world. We will write a custom essay sample on Moreover, when looking at Geer or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As Greetz mentioned Some of the most important effects of the religious perspective come through a redefinition of our daily life in life of religious perspectives (Geertz 1973, clothing perceptions†¦pp. 24-35).Additionally, In comparison to Linda H. Connor and Geoffrey Samuels book Healing Powers and Modernity focuses more on the indigenous healings and Islamic perception of sorcery. He believes that many people luck proper education in Indonesia therefore are unaware of western healings compared to the mens who are educated. The connotation of illness still largely constituted through social relations that have persisted from one generation to the next. Sorcery has a continuity of meaning from pre-Islamic times to the present because it has always provided an explanatory link between illness and ever-present strains in village social relationships. From the villagers point of view, local variants of biomedicine are part of state-promoted modernist discourse. Until such time as a different engagement with the date evolves through redistributions of power and knowledge, rural people will continue to favour those healing resources that are given to them and that could involve sorcery in other hand sorcery can easily be accessed to compared to western medicine due to the cost of medication while traditional healing is less expensive or might even be free depending on agreement, which are embedded in the social field of the village.Healing and power in Indonesia are formed into two medical systems, which are the biomedicine and indigenous medicine. The, Elah villagers have access to both. The Indigenous healings are made through body customary medical practices performed by numerous skilled Belian. The curing practices of Belian originated in the Waktu Telu religion. There are approximately thirty seven Balinese people who lives in the Elah village, mostly in their forties and older. When illnesses or diseases occurs in that village, it is u sually treated through different magic practices such as teeth treatment, illnesses, deliverance of babies, producing love magic and sorcery, (Hunter 2001). Even though there is other safer ways to delivering baby apart from using magic the Belian still choose to do sorcery because they believe it works better and most people feel that its cheaper to access. In regards to John P. Taylors book, he describes Nakaemas, which is another word for sorcery/witchcraft in the Vanuatu society to be resonated in an everyday life of people in Vanuatu. Nakaema is not defined as broader practice of magic that involves discussions of sorcery or witchcraft in the academic literature but rather a wicked practices that is seen mostly in the North Efate, some of the practices includes poisoning, bodily possession, transforming people into certain animals such as Dogs and sometimes transforming them into devil itself, they control human body and mind and even death can occur through Nakaemas. Throughout the text Taylor had mentioned that victims are usually attacked due to jealousy, wealth, gossips and ownerships. He believes that those practices are a com bination of the moral, physical and sacred sacred force.Furthermore, the anthropologists believe that when taking a spiritual belief one has to search and know which agency they are from and who it affects. They believe that humans are both the sources and bearers of agency, individual such as politicians, lawyers, and presidents also undergo self-protection and secure themselves from the forces attacks of witchcraft; those protections are done through a spiritual healers called Klevas who uses multiple traditional medicine such as plants and other healing practices to protect the individuals from witchcraft. Klevas also helps reveal the causes done by Nakaema, protect people from a curse and also bring an end to a curse and other form of Nakaemas power. (Taylor 2015). Taylor describes Kleva as the human interaction between sacred power of Christianity and sorcery with the combination powers of black and white magic.

Tuesday, November 26, 2019

Influenced by Family History, Culture, and Environment

Influenced by Family History, Culture, and Environment Free Online Research Papers My background is a collection of different cultures which has had a great influence in the type of person that I am today; a Jewish American-Peruvian. I was born in Peru and educated at a Jewish day school. My ability to communicate in English, Spanish, and Hebrew, allows me to integrate myself into three very diverse ethnic groups. This is very important in succeeding in today’s multicultural world. The qualities and values that I have received over the years have helped me realize how important it is to be able to treat all people with the respect that they deserve, without letting prejudices get in the way of my behaviors. I have been fortunate enough to travel and spend time abroad. Living in Peru for most of my life, as well as visiting Israel many times, has allowed me to experience the cultural differences among these two countries as a real insider. Now, living in the most widely differentiated society in America, I have had the chance to learn from and coexist with many people, each with their own combination of different cultures. At the end of the day, it is a person’s culture that defines who they are. I am very grateful for my diversified culture and look forward to not only sharing my qualities and behaviors, but also plan on learning from new diverse experiences that I will encounter in the future. Research Papers on Influenced by Family History, Culture, and EnvironmentAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesHip-Hop is ArtRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andStandardized TestingWhere Wild and West MeetIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in Capital19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided Era

Friday, November 22, 2019

The Battle of Savannah in the American Revolution

The Battle of Savannah in the American Revolution The Battle of Savannah was fought September 16 to October 18, 1779, during the American Revolution (1775-1783). In 1778, the British commander in chief in North America, Major General Sir Henry Clinton, began to shift the focus of the conflict to the southern colonies. This change in strategy was driven by a belief that Loyalist support in the region was significantly stronger than in the North and would facilitate its recapture. The campaign would be the second major British effort in the region as Clinton had attempted to capture Charleston, SC in June 1776, but had failed when Admiral Sir Peter Parkers naval forces were repulsed by fire from Colonel William Moultries men at Fort Sullivan. The first move of the new British campaign was the capture of Savannah, GA. To accomplish this,  Lieutenant Colonel Archibald Campbell was dispatched south with a force of around 3,100 men.   Armies Commanders French American Major General Benjamin LincolnVice Admiral Comte dEstaing42 ships, 5,052 men British Brigadier General Augustine Prevost3,200 men Invading Georgia Reaching Georgia, Campbell was to be joined by a column moving north from St. Augustine led by Brigadier General Augustine Prevost. Landing at Girardeaus Plantation on December 29, Campbell brushed aside American forces. Pushing towards Savannah, he flanked and routed another American force and captured the city. Joined by Prevost in mid-January 1779, the two men began raiding the interior as well as mounted an expedition against Augusta. Establishing outposts in the region, Prevost also sought to recruit local Loyalists to the flag. Allied Movements Through the first half of 1779, Prevost and his American counterpart at Charleston, SC, Major General Benjamin Lincoln, conducted minor campaigns in the territory between the cities. Though eager to regain Savannah, Lincoln understood that the city could not be liberated without naval support. Utilizing their alliance with France, the American leadership was able to persuade Vice Admiral Comte dEstaing to bring a fleet north later that year. Completing a campaign in the Caribbean which saw him capture St. Vincent and Grenada, dEstaing sailed for Savannah with 25 ships of the line and around 4,000 infantry. Receiving word of dEstaings intentions on September 3, Lincoln commenced making plans to march south as part of a joint operation against Savannah. The Allies Arrive In support of the French fleet, Lincoln departed Charleston on September 11 with around 2,000 men. Caught off guard by the appearance of French ships off Tybee Island, Prevost directed Captain James Moncrief to enhance Savannahs fortifications. Utilizing African American slave labor, Moncrief constructed an array of earthworks and redoubts on the outskirts of the city. These were reinforced with guns taken from HMS Fowey (24 guns) and HMS Rose (20). On September 12, dEstaing began landing around 3,500 men at Beaulieus Plantation on the Vernon River. Marching north to Savannah, he contacted Prevost, he demanded that he surrender the city. Playing for time, Prevost requested and was granted a 24-hour truce to consider his situation. During this time, he recalled Colonel John Maitlands troops at Beaufort, SC to reinforce the garrison. The Siege Begins Incorrectly believing that Lincolns approaching column would deal with Maitland, dEstaing made no effort to guard the route from Hilton Head Island to Savannah. As a result, no American or French troops blocked Maitlands route and he reached the city safely before the truce ended. With his arrival, Prevost formally declined to surrender. On September 23, dEstaing and Lincoln began siege operations against Savannah. Landing artillery from the fleet, French forces commenced a bombardment on October 3. This proved largely ineffective as its brunt fell on the city rather than the British fortifications. Though standard siege operations most likely would have ended in victory, dEstaing became impatient as he was concerned about hurricane season and an increase in scurvy and dysentery in the fleet. A Bloody Failure Despite protests from his subordinates, dEstaing approached Lincoln regarding assaulting the British lines. Dependent on the French admirals ships and men for continuing the operation, Lincoln was forced to agree. For the assault, dEstaing planned to have Brigadier General Isaac Huger make a feint against the southeastern part of the British defenses while the bulk of the army struck further west. The focus of the assault was to be the Spring Hill redoubt which he believed to be manned by Loyalist militia. Unfortunately, a deserter informed Prevost of this and the British commander moved veteran forces to the area. Advancing just after dawn on October 9, Hugers men were bogged down and failed to create a meaningful diversion. At Spring Hill, one of the allied columns became mired in a swamp to the west and was forced to turn back. As a result, the assault lacked its intended force. Surging forward, the first wave met heavy British fire and took significant losses. In the course of the fighting, dEstaing was hit twice and American cavalry commander Count Casimir Pulaski was mortally wounded. The second wave of French and American troops had more success and some, including those led by Lieutenant Colonel Francis Marion, reached the top of the wall. In fierce fighting, the British succeeded in driving the attackers back while inflicting heavy casualties. Unable to break through, French and American troops fell back after an hour of fighting. Regrouping, Lincoln later desired to attempt another assault but was overruled by dEstaing. Aftermath Allied losses at the Battle of Savannah numbered 244 killed, 584 wounded, and 120 captured, while Provosts command suffered 40 killed, 63 wounded, and 52 missing. Though Lincoln pressed to continue the siege, dEstaing was unwilling to further risk his fleet. On October 18, the siege was abandoned and dEstaing departed the area. With the French departure, Lincoln retreated back to Charleston with his army. The defeat was a blow to the newly established alliance and greatly encouraged the British in furthering their southern strategy. Sailing south the following spring, Clinton laid siege to Charleston in March. Unable to break out and with no relief expected, Lincoln was compelled to surrender his army and the city that May.

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

The US Role in Syrian Crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The US Role in Syrian Crisis - Essay Example The brutal crackdown of the masses by the Bashar Al-Assad security forces, the cry for democracy by the Syrian people as well as the political resistance against the regime. A clear illustration of the regime inhumane and merciless acts is the arrest and mistreatment of 15 children from a school in the town of Daraa, allegedly for painting anti-government graffiti at a school (Joe, 2). When people sought to protest for the release of the children, the security forces tortured the people by beating them up and even opening fire to kill at least four of the protestors. These and other inhumane acts perpetrated by the Bashar Al-Assad regime, calls for a reaction from the international community. Lately, some 64 people fleeing homes were killed and dumped in the city by the regime’s security forces (Joe, 1).In the light of the above, it is my opinion that the US government should engage in the Syrian crisis to avert the human suffering that the regime has mooted on the people. How ever, there are many other considerations, which need to be done, just before a full support for the course is pledged. Having the US involvement in many other wars and crisis in the recent past, of which it has emerged with a soiled reputation, a thorough analysis needs to be done before a decision to engage in the crisis is reached (Blake, 6). There is a call for an involvement of the US government to support the Syrian citizens, on a humanitarian ground, to avert more killings and torture of the people who does not support the regime. However, the US government has not done much towards this noble course. This is because, as opposed to the Libyan case, Syrian crisis is significantly weighty, thus its approach has to be well thought of and planned in advance just before any involvement in its execution. The Syrian case has more outside parties involved in it (Joe, 3). Furthermore, the ethnic diversity of the country and the interest of the Arab world in this case serve to make the case even harder. By defeating Syria, a strong ally of Iran and by extension one of the Muslim hardliners would be eliminated (Wright, 214). Therefore, any involvement of the US government would cause the Muslim allies to get involved in the crisis, thus making the situation fatal than it currently is. The main interested countries are Iran, which has invested a lot in the regime’s survival, Russia who still considers Syria as one of the last friends remaining, Saudi Arabia, which supports the Sunni,’s to remain in power, Israel, and Lebanon, which are of the opinion that the defeat of the Bashar Al-Assad will result to a dire chaotic situation. Therefore, without the support of some of these countries, the US bid to go into war with Syria will just be another course for defeat (Hinnebusch, 8). There are certain mistakes that the US government has made, which serves to make the issue a more complicated and difficult one to solve. The US has under-estimated the threat posed by the ouster of the Bashar Al-Assad regime. Bashar Al-Assad could be tougher, owing to the support of his allies, than estimated by the US (Ziadeh). The possibility of use of chemical weapons by the regime, the high costs involved and the greater risks involved in this war are some consideration that the US government seem to have overlooked. The possibility of Al-Qaeda’

Tuesday, November 19, 2019

What is Macroeconomics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

What is Macroeconomics - Essay Example What is Macroeconomics? Macroeconomics deals with the aggregate indicators like prices, unemployment rates and GDP in order to know how the entire economy works. Macroeconomists build models that clarify the connection between factors like international finance, national income, consumption, output, savings, inflation, unemployment, international trade and investment. In contrary, micro economics is basically fixated on individual agents’ action like consumers and firms and in what way do their behavior affect quantity and prices in particular markets. As macroeconomics is a wide study field, two fields of researches which are symbolic of the subject. The move to understand the consequences and causes of short run variations in a business cycle and the move to know the determinants of economic growth are some of its main objectives. Macroeconomics model and its forecast are used by large corporations and government to assist in evaluation and development of business strategy and economic policy (Dwiv edi, pp.7) Macroeconomics concepts Macroeconomics comprises of variables and concepts though there are 3 core issues for macroeconomic research. Macroeconomic theory always relates inflation, unemployment and output. External to macroeconomics, the topics are extensively vital to economic agents inclusive of producers, consumers and workers. Output and income The general economic activity for the economy is briefed by an output aggregate measure. As the manufacture or services and goods output generates income. Each entire output measure relates to the measure of aggregate income. The states of America today employ the concept of aggregate output known as GDP (gross domestic product). The gross domestic product is the measure of services and goods currently produced at market prices value. An individual should note that there are many GDP measure features. To start with, only presently produced goods are encompassed. This means that when one purchases an old Tudor house aged 150 yea rs, it does not add up to the GDP. What adds to the GDP is the service that the estate agent renders in the house purchasing process. Secondly, end products are counted. For avoidance of count, intermediate goods do not add to the GDP. For instance, steel that is used in automobile manufacture is valued as a whole. Lastly, all services and goods encompassed in GDP are assessed at market prices. Hence the prices show the prices paid by consumers at retail level inclusive of indirect taxes like sales taxes. GNP (gross national product) is a similar measure to GDP. Up to late, the government has employed GNP as the core measure of economic activity of the nation. Changes in trends always places more effect on income or output instead of prices (Blaug, pp. 108) There is a slight difference between GDP and GNP. The GDP is exclusive of income that the U.S resident and companies earn abroad. Many other income and output measures are consequent from GNP. They are inclusive of NNP (net natio nal product), which extracts an allowance for tear and wear on equipment and plant from GNP called depreciation. Though these measures change down and up in a general same fashion, it is disposable income which is closely tied to customers demand for services and goods. It is the most outstanding aggregate demand component and entire demand for services and goods in the economy from sources. It should be noticed that the entire output or income measures deliberated above are always mentioned in real terms and nominal terms. The real terms are attuned for inflation and hence widely used as they are not distortion subject introduced by price changes. Unemployment The unemployment number in a state is measure using the rate of unemployment, workers percentage with no jobs in the labor

Saturday, November 16, 2019

Roles and Responsibilities- River Island case study Essay Example for Free

Roles and Responsibilities- River Island case study Essay Roles and Responsibilities In a business every employee has a position or role within their workplace. A manager is expected to lead his or her employees, a supervisor is assumed to be good at teaching others as they are usually training additional employees. In this section I will explain the different roles and responsibilities a manager, supervisor and an employee may have including their decision making and problem solving techniques involved in their role. Roles and responsibilities of a Manager: A River Island manager has many responsibilities; they are responsible for the hiring and training of new staff members. The manager has to read through applications and decide whom to interview. The manager has to decide whether the candidate is right for the job in other words fits in with the shops working environment. The shop manager is also reliable for training all hires in the businesss procedures and policies. I spoke to River Island shop managers and she informed me that one of her roles as a manager is to manage her staff. A shop manager has to inform all staff members of their working hours and duties within the shop she also has to think about awarding hard-working staff with promotions or bonuses. On the other hand those who fail to accomplish a duty, the manager will warn them under the disciplinary procedures of the company. In addition a shop manager’s duty is to record and manage all the money that goes into the store. The shop manager must record the amount of money that goes in and out of the store each day, they have to keep track of the stores spending, and including staffing hours and often distributes pay checks to employees. Roles and responsibilities of a Supervisor: A supervisor’s role is to organise the store, a river Island supervisor has to co-ordinate activities of the assigned department, and they usually have to determine how important the activities are on a daily basis. For example an employee who works in the men clothing section in River Island may be assigned the role of organising and cleaning up that department, it is the supervisor’s job to make sure the employee knows this. The supervisor is in charge of making sure that the Sales assistant reports that those jobs are completed for the week. Supervisors have to check the store for cleanliness and ensure that the store display is neat and organized before the store opens. And if the store manager is not available the supervisor steps in to manage the store activities. Supervisors hold staff meetings to discuss issues staff member may have in performing their job within this meeting they discuss changes in routines, clothing offers or discounts. Roles and responsibilities of an Employee (Sales Assistant): I contacted a River Island employee and asked on the main responsibilities of being a River Island sales assistant. The Sales Assistant expressed to me the different responsibilities she had. It is an employee’s job to look after customers when they are shopping meaning they must be ready to answer questions and find items for customers. An employee also must be able to give good advice to their customers ‘As River Island representatives we are expected to ‘step up’ when necessary’. She also declared her role in making sure customers visit to the store is enjoyable and pleasant. Moreover she makes sure her approach to customers is polite and respectable she does this by greeting customers as they enter and leave the store, dealing with customer’s complaints professionally and making sure the customer is satisfied with the conclusion. As well as the above, a sales assistant has to make sure that all shelves are stocked up. Replenishing stock is one of a sales assistant’s most important jobs alongside being able to work at tills and balance the cash registers with receipts received. Qualities and Skills Qualities and Skills of a Manager: A manager must have many skills and qualities. An ideal manager for a retail store must be able to bring out the best in others as well as themselves. A manager should be able to discipline his/her staff, working as a role model towards their staff. A good manager should also be able to commit to a task or activity. On the River Island website I found out information on special skills a manager should have to conduct his/her job successfully. An ideal manager should have good communication skills as they have to communicate with their employees, good leadership skills, are focused, able to persuade his/her employees and organised, a manager should be able to divide large tasks and activities into manageable ones. A manager with good communication skills can help to build an organised and effective team of employees. It also helps to build and manage performance of their team members, having good communication skills can benefit the maintenance of relationships between employees. It is also crucial for a manager because it allows them to deal with customer complaints limiting any negative feedback about your business. A manager should be able to be persuasive and have good organisational, leadership skills. This allows employees to feel as if they can trust their manager; they feel as if they want to be led by them not have to be. This not only helps an employee grow fond of their job but also motivates them to give 100% effort. Helping to give the business an outstanding reputation and influences more customers to buy from their store. Qualities and Skills of a Supervisor: Sometimes the manager may not be available so this is when a supervisor steps in. A supervisor has to have similar skills to a manager but supervisors are more in contact with their fellow employees. A supervisor should have good flexibility and time management as well as basic communication skills. A supervisor should be able to motivate his/her employees to perform as well as they can to help the business succeed. Good flexibility can ensure that a supervisor is responsive to changes in the work place and is not blown off by any difficult situations. For example a customer complaint, a good supervisor especially for River Island should be able to stay calm under pressure and respond quickly to difficult circumstances. This also helps to keep the reputation of the business at its highest as customers are more likely to buy from somewhere that is knowledgeable in all situations. A supervisor should be able to manage their time, by doing this it keeps the employees confident that they are being led by someone who knows what they are doing, with this employees work harder increasing productivity, customer service and revenue. Qualities and Skills of an Employee: For a sales assistant especially at a clothing store they must be able to work as part of a team, enjoy working with the public as well as be confident when dealing with difficult situations for example difficult customers. Moreover an employee must have these key skills: †¢ Have a polite and helpful manner †¢ Have basic mathematical skills, for dealing with payments and stock checks and are comfortable with using computerised equipment such as tills. This enhances customer services where customers will tell their friends and family to visit the store due to their good services meaning more customers further more increasing the revenue for the store. †¢ be flexible, adaptable, reliable and trustworthy. These skills helps to prevent reduced employees loyalty due to this more employees refrain from their jobs. This means more money is spent on recruiting more staff, increasing a company cost which is not good for a business’s finances. Training and Development Opportunities According to the River Island website River Island invests in staff and encourages career development. River Island offer many different methods of training for example for sales advisors and store managers they perform a 3-4 week induction programme at a training store. They also provide skill development workshops relevant to the role you have in the river island job for example if you are a manager there are workshops to help you improve on your time management skills, organisation, delegation and other key skills a manager should have. Most River Island stores have regular progress reviews to monitor performance and development needs of individual employees. Even skilled managers have management training modules (relevant to their role) where they train managers off the job basic but in depth skill of being a manager. These training days help to enhance employee’s performance on the job. Benefiting River Island as a business because their employees are always well trained and know what they are doing. Customers would rather go to a store that is well known for employees who are helpful and organised rather than ones that lack these simple skills. ‘We want to help you make the most of your career with River Island and hope you enjoy working with us. ’ Methods of motivation The River Island company use methods of motivation to encourage their employees to do a better job than they otherwise would. Some of the ways River Island motivate their staff is by offering staff discounts of 30% off on items of clothing or accessories within the store for employees a further discount of 50% off if you are a manager. Also River Island offers a monthly salary to their staffs which ensures to pay staff no matter how much hours they work. On top of this River Island also allow their staff to work together in teams to complete certain tasks, this can make the job seem more enjoyable to the staff with a much more comfortable relaxing environment. This helps to retain staff because employees prefer a job were offers and discounts are issued especially with a popular clothing store like River Island rather than working in an environment that does not offer any type of fringe benefits .This relates to the Maslow Hierarchy of needs theory, as staff at River Island feels a sense of belonging working in groups and are meeting their everyday survival needs. Motivating your staff can help to keep a business successful. A River Island staff member said ‘The more motivated I am the harder I work to help the business reach its goals to earn more money’. Motivating your staff can help to increase output, improve quality of your business as well as save money for your business. If employees are keen to stay with the company then money is not loss on hiring and training of new staff. Based on Hertzberg two-factor theory of motivation, I believe River Island could offer more methods of motivation in a way to retain staff, for example empowerment. Empowering an employee makes them feel as if they are being noticed for the hard work they are putting in. This can make a staff member put in extra work and take pride in the extra work they are doing increasing output and quality of the business. . PEST Factors Organisations can face problems from external factors which can affect a business’s products, policies, people and profits. It is a useful strategic tool for understanding market growth or decline, business position, potential and direction for operations. A PEST analysis is usually carried out by business planners this allows them to improve their strategies. Political Factors Political factors usually affect the ways in which changes in the government policy can influence businesses. River Island has to abide by the employment laws developed by the government. This may include the equal pay act of 1970 that women and men should receive equal pay for doing the same type of work or even the race relations act of 1976 which states that making discriminations against an employee on grounds of their race is illegal. Other factors may include the sex discrimination act, 1925 which protects employees against discrimination due to the gender for example if river island was promoting manager recruitment they cannot state the employee has to be of a specific gender. Though this does not apply in all situations if there was recruitment for a female attendant for the female changing rooms this would not apply. Similar to the race relations act of 1976 also states discrimination on grounds of race is illegal though there are GOQ’s genuine occupation qualifications that are legitimate in some cases. One of the most recent acts produced lately is the national minimum wage act, 1998. This ensures than employees are not exploited and are paid enough for them to survive. Minimum wage is increased every year in line with the rise in cost of living. Currently the adult rate for workers over 21 is  £6.19.River Island has key principles against these, and states that employment is freely chosen, living wages are paid, working hours are not excessive, discrimination is not practised and regular employment is provided. Economic Factors Economic factors are those that may limit the customer from buying optional luxuries. Economic factors include taxation, inflation, interest rates and economic growth. During a recession, consumers spend less on optional items such as cars and appliances. As a result, the business environment suffers. Alternatively, if the economic environment is one of affluence, consumers are more likely to spend money, not just on necessities, but larger items as well. Last year recession meant that some employee’s wages were cut down, not much employees were made redundant because of this but wages were slashed to pay for other company costs. In case of an unemployment decrease, turnover will rise and recruiting more employees will become harder though the opposite effect if unemployment increases. Another economic factor is Inflation usually affects someone’s buying power –rising prices means you pay more for the same goods. If there is a rise there is a high probability that there will be a fall in the amount of merchandise bought from River Island. These means business costs increase and sometimes have to stop producing lots of merchandise and focus on spending money on important cost leaving some workers unemployed. Social Factors Social trends are one of the key factors affecting a business; this can include the demographics, age distribution and lifestyle. Social trends are important as they focus on the society and at the end of the day, if the public are buying then the demand at River Island will increase, which means more production. The demands for some popular clothes are determined by fashion. Fashion trends are constantly changing every season meaning more customers are willing to buy from a popular up to date clothing store due to its good reputation. People are now more career focused than previous years, people seem to be more determined to achieve a good status in their dream job to make money and buy all their wants and needs. The most significant sign of this is working mothers- back in the 50’s women were forced to stay at home to cook and clean for their families. Now women have the opportunity to work especially to provide for their families. Though working mothers mainly work part time to cater to when they need to pick up their children from school, though it is now modern for women not to have children. They are much more career focused. More and more employees are trying to make as much money as possible, though River Island is not a store that pay their employees high wages, not much of a ‘career focusing job’. River Island, works enthusiastically with its suppliers and official agencies around the world to provide a standard health and safety regulation to its employees. The company always ensures that their suppliers sign a contract which commit to World Wide Ethical standards and those who violate them will be prosecuted. Technological Factors Technology has both a negative and positive effect on business recruitment. The positives are that technology like online selling and shopping can benefit an employee because it allows them to sell River Island clothing and accessories online to a wider variety of people on websites like EBay or Amazon. It also can provide more jobs in creating websites, maintaining and updating the website which a River Island representative could do. Though technology can be a disadvantage having a website means fewer employees to recruit as people can easily just buy products online. Employers also can now employ people who have good IT skills; this can help to keep River Island as a business up to date. Online selling/websites can affect the workforce of River Island, this because consumers find it easier and more effective for them to purchase items online. This affects employees of River Island; they may lose their job because River Island can now reduce cost, and spend it effectively. Employers can also use social networking sites as ways of keeping an eye on their employees, investigating on what they are really like. This is happening more often now, though these social networking sites can act as way of motivating staff by building a relationship with them outside the working environment.

Thursday, November 14, 2019

How To Play Asshole :: essays research papers

To all you incoming college freshman that don’t want to make a fool of yourself at college parties, learn this drinking game. Perhaps the King of all drinking games, Asshole is a true American classic. Asshole is a game that tests one’s ability to concentrate, as well as one’s threshold for humiliation, for the object of the game is for those in power to abuse those who are not. I’m sure that most of you out there have at least heard of this game, and I am aware that there are many different ways to play. With this in mind, the following is intended as a basic outline of the rules. The first thing you need is a group of willing and open people, a large table and a deck of cards. Further, be advised that plenty of beer should be on hand as this game has a tendency for mass consumption of alcohol. Shuffle the cards, (I realize that this is obvious, however there are boneheads out there) and remove the jokers. To begin play, have all the cards placed in the middle of the table and have every player draw a card. The player with the highest card, 2 being low and Ace high, is appointed President. The next highest cardholder becomes the Vice-President, and so on and so forth until the player holding the lowest card becomes affectionately known as the Asshole. In the event that two or more players draw the same value card, have those players draw again so that their position can be determined. However, if one of the players involved in a second drawing happens to draw a card higher than the card that of the President that player doesn’t become President. They as sume the position in question and the loser of the draw-off takes the position below that person. Players occupying positions falling between VP and Asshole are known as common people, but they may choose titles as well. Some of them are as follows: Secretary, Sergeant at Arms, Speaker of the House, Treasurer, Doorman and Beer-bitch, (who assists the Asshole in his/her duties), are often used. All titles are subject to the dreaded presidential veto and has his or her subsequent wrath, so be humble. The roles of each player are as follows: President: can make any player drink at any time, no one may make the President drink but himself. How To Play Asshole :: essays research papers To all you incoming college freshman that don’t want to make a fool of yourself at college parties, learn this drinking game. Perhaps the King of all drinking games, Asshole is a true American classic. Asshole is a game that tests one’s ability to concentrate, as well as one’s threshold for humiliation, for the object of the game is for those in power to abuse those who are not. I’m sure that most of you out there have at least heard of this game, and I am aware that there are many different ways to play. With this in mind, the following is intended as a basic outline of the rules. The first thing you need is a group of willing and open people, a large table and a deck of cards. Further, be advised that plenty of beer should be on hand as this game has a tendency for mass consumption of alcohol. Shuffle the cards, (I realize that this is obvious, however there are boneheads out there) and remove the jokers. To begin play, have all the cards placed in the middle of the table and have every player draw a card. The player with the highest card, 2 being low and Ace high, is appointed President. The next highest cardholder becomes the Vice-President, and so on and so forth until the player holding the lowest card becomes affectionately known as the Asshole. In the event that two or more players draw the same value card, have those players draw again so that their position can be determined. However, if one of the players involved in a second drawing happens to draw a card higher than the card that of the President that player doesn’t become President. They as sume the position in question and the loser of the draw-off takes the position below that person. Players occupying positions falling between VP and Asshole are known as common people, but they may choose titles as well. Some of them are as follows: Secretary, Sergeant at Arms, Speaker of the House, Treasurer, Doorman and Beer-bitch, (who assists the Asshole in his/her duties), are often used. All titles are subject to the dreaded presidential veto and has his or her subsequent wrath, so be humble. The roles of each player are as follows: President: can make any player drink at any time, no one may make the President drink but himself.

Monday, November 11, 2019

Earth Essay

Earth is the planet on which we live. Earth is the third planet from the sun. The particles which compose of the mass of the earth but more particularly the particles which from the mould on the surface of Earth. The Earth is the largest member of the group of inner planets and is also the most massive. When the Earth is compared with its planetary neighbors, marked similarities as well marked differences are found. Of course, what singles the Earth out from any other planets is the fact that it has an oxygen-rich atmosphere and a temperature that makes it suitable for life of the kind we can understand. Were the Earth slightly close to the sun and slightly farther away, life here might not have developed. The purpose of this research is to let us learn more about our Planet that we are living and also aims to help us understand more about our planet. Even we have an idea what Planet Earth is all about, we must dig deeper and know the characteristics of Earth that we haven’t yet know. `The completion of this paper was made possible through my research in library, and computers. Some books, encyclopedia, dictionary, some magazines computer encyclopedia and other website, I got all I want to know. They are very helpful for my research, and thanks be to God for giving me wisdom to do this term paper alone and by myself. Earth is the third planet from the Sun, and the densest and fifth-largest of the eight planets in the Solar System. It is also the largest of the Solar System’s four terrestrial planets. It is sometimes referred to as the world, the Blue Planet, or by its Latin name, Terra. Earth formed approximately 4. 54 billion years ago, and life appeared on its surface within one billion years. Earth’s biosphere then significantly altered the atmospheric and other basic physical conditions, which enabled the proliferation of organisms as well as the formation of the ozone layer, which together with Earth’s magnetic field blocked harmful solar radiation, and permitted formerly ocean-confined life to move safely to land. The physical properties of the Earth, as well as its geological history and orbit, have allowed life to persist. Estimates on how much longer the planet will be able to continue to support life range from 500 million years (myr), to as long as 2. billion years (byr). Earth’s crust is divided into several rigid segments, or tectonic plates, that migrate across the surface over periods of many millions of years. About 71% of the surface is covered by salt water oceans, with the remainder consisting of continents and islands which together have many lakes and other sources of water that contribute to the hydrosphere. Earth’s poles are mostly covered with ice that is the solid ice of the Antarctic ice sheet and the sea ice that is the polar ice packs. The planet’s interior remains active, with a solid iron inner core, a liquid outer core that generates the magnetic field, and a thick layer of relatively solid mantle. Earth gravitationally interacts with other objects in space, especially the Sun and the Moon. During one orbit around the sun, the Earth rotates about its own axis 366. 26 times, creating 365. 26 solar days, or one sidereal year. The Earth’s axis of rotation is tilted 23. 4 ° away from the perpendicular of its orbital plane, producing seasonal variations on the planet’s surface with a period of one tropical year (365. 24 solar days). The Moon is Earth’s only natural satellite. It began orbiting the Earth about 4. 53 billion years ago (bya). The Moon’s gravitational interaction with Earth stimulates ocean tides, stabilizes the axial tilt, and gradually slows the planet’s rotation. The planet is home to millions of species, including humans. Both the mineral resources of the planet and the products of the biosphere contribute resources that are used to support a global human population. These inhabitants are grouped into about 200 independent sovereign states, which interact through diplomacy, travel, trade, and military action. Human cultures have developed many views of the planet, including its personification as a planetary deity, its shape as flat, its position as the center of the universe, and in the modern Gaia Principle, as a single, self-regulating organism in its own right Formation The earliest material found in the Solar System is dated to 4. 5672 ±0. 0006 bya; therefore, it is inferred that the Earth must have been forming by accretion around this time. By 4. 54 ±0. 04 bya. The primordial Earth had formed. The formation and evolution of the Solar System bodies occurred in tandem with the Sun. In theory a solar nebula partitions a volume out of a molecular cloud by gravitational collapse, which begins to spin and flatten into a circumstellar disk, and then the planets grow out of that in tandem with the star. A nebula contains gas, ice grains and dust (includingprimordial nuclides). In nebular theory planetesimals commence forming as particulate accrues by cohesive clumping and then by gravity. The assembly of the primordial Earth proceeded for 10–20 myr. The Moon formed shortly thereafter, about 4. 53 bya. The Moon’s formation remains a mystery. The working hypothesis is that it formed by accretion from material loosed from the Earth after a Mars-sized object, dubbed Theia, had a giant impact with Earth, but the model is not self-consistent. In this scenario the mass of Theia is 10% of the Earth’s mass, it impacts with the Earth in a glancing blow, and some of its mass merges with the Earth. Between approximately 3. 8 and 4. 1 bya, numerous asteroid impacts during the Late Heavy Bombardment caused significant changes to the greater surface environment of the Moon, and by inference, to the Earth. Earth’s atmosphere and oceans formed by volcanic activity and outgassing that included water vapor. The origin of the world’s oceans was condensation augmented by water and ice delivered by asteroids, proto-planets, and comets. In this model, atmospheric â€Å"greenhouse gases† kept the oceans from freezing while the newly forming Sun was only at 70% luminosity. By 3. 5 bya, the Earth’s magnetic field was established, which helped prevent the atmosphere from being stripped away by the solar wind. A crust formed when the molten outer layer of the planet Earth cooled to form a solid as the accumulated water vapor began to act in the atmosphere. The two models that explain land mass propose either a steady growth to the present-day forms or, more likely, a rapid growthearly in Earth history followed by a long-term steady continental area. Continents formed by plate tectonics, a process ultimately driven by the continuous loss of heat from the earth’s interior. Ontime scales lasting hundreds of millions of years, the supercontinents have formed and broken up three times. Roughly 750 mya (million years ago), one of the earliest known supercontinents, Rodinia, began to break apart. The continents later recombined to form Pannotia, 600–540 mya, then finally Pangaea, which also broke apart 180 mya. Evolution of life Highly energetic chemistry is thought to have produced a self-replicating molecule around 4 bya and half a billion years later the last common ancestor of all life existed. The development of photosynthesis allowed the Sun’s energy to be harvested directly by life forms; the resultant oxygen accumulated in the atmosphere and formed a layer of ozone (a form of molecular oxygen [O3]) in the upper atmosphere. The incorporation of smaller cells within larger ones resulted in the development of complex cells called eukaryotes. True multicellular organisms formed as cells within colonies became increasingly specialized. Aided by the absorption of harmful ultraviolet radiation by the ozone layer, life colonized the surface of Earth. Since the 1960s, it has been hypothesized that severe glacial action between 750 and 580 mya, during the Neoproterozoic, covered much of the planet in a sheet of ice. This hypothesis has been termed â€Å"Snowball Earth†, and is of particular interest because it preceded he Cambrian explosion, when multicellular life forms began to proliferate. Following the Cambrian explosion, about 535 mya, there have been five major mass extinctions. [55] The most recent such event was 65 mya, when an asteroid impact triggered the extinction of the (non-avian) dinosaurs and other large reptiles, but spared some small animals such as mammals, which then resembled shrews. Over the past 65 myr, mammalian life has diversified, and several million years ago an African ape-like animal such as Orrorin tugenensis gained the ability to stand upright. This enabled tool use and encouraged communication that provided the nutrition and stimulation needed for a larger brain, which allowed the evolution of the human race. The development of agriculture, and then civilization, allowed humans to influence the Earth in a short time span as no other life form had, affecting both the nature and quantity of other life forms. The present pattern of ice ages began about 40 mya and then intensified during the Pleistocene about 3 mya. High-latitude regions have since undergone repeated cycles of glaciation and thaw, repeating every 40–100,000 years. The last continental glaciation ended 10,000 years ago.

Saturday, November 9, 2019

English Literature Essay

Describe the contemporary education system as it appears at the beginning of ‘Hard Times’. How does Dickens show his distaste for this system up to the end of chapter four? Hard Times is like several other Dickens novels, it’s full of social criticism. Writing in the 1850’s, Charles Dickens was focusing mainly on the Industrial Revolution underway. As the title suggests, this novel is all about harsh times. Dickens uses the principle of utilitarianism throughout the novel. Utilitarianism is a philosophy which argues that all human activity, including learning, should be useful in the practical sense. Dickens is a social critic and all his other novels criticise institutions in some way or another such as in ‘Nicholas Nickelby’. The title ‘Hard Times’ suggests they were living in some really harsh times, what with industrialism on the way. Dickens’ philosophy is shaped from the characters in the book. The two businessmen believe in this philosophy which indicates that when you teach you have to use facts and calculations. This philosophy turns out to be a selfish one, which only focuses on practical learning. Dickens is very aware and understands this society. He has produced three sections to their novel: – sowing, reaping and garnering. The sowing section is the laying down and scattering of the seeds, mainly the teaching and ideas. This means that you are planting them down for the future and allowing them to grow. The reaping section indicates the harvesting of the seeds and cutting them in order for them to grow quicker. In other words, dickens has taken an agricultural view to portray how the teaching methods are affecting the children. The final section, garnering, is the considering of the lessons that are learned. There is a famous saying ‘you reap what you sow’. This perfectly describes this situation with the system and Gradgrind. He reaps what he’s sown, which is his family being torn apart at the end of the novel. We learn that this system is a failing one. It is based mainly on utilitarianism and all they do is force facts onto the children. The aim of the system is to create children who are like models or robots. Mr Thomas Gradgrind is a businessman who has lived by and supports utilitarianism in teaching. He owns a school which his daughter Louisa and son Thomas attend. The school’s principles are also based on facts but as we realise up to the end of chapter four, this method isn’t working. Dickens gives the name Gradgrind to show us that he is gradually grinding away the children’s freedom. I shall now analyse how dickens shows his distaste for this education system The first chapter is called ‘The One Thing Needful’. Dickens implies that the one thing needful is facts. He is being sarcastic and in doing so, he’s also made the first letter of each word in capitals.

Thursday, November 7, 2019

An appraisal of UK’s opposition to the proposed EU Financial Transaction Tax The WritePass Journal

An appraisal of UK’s opposition to the proposed EU Financial Transaction Tax Introduction An appraisal of UK’s opposition to the proposed EU Financial Transaction Tax . ft.com/intl/cms/s/financial-transaction-tax.html telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/banksandfinance/9072297/Rebalancing-the-financial-transactions-tax-debate.html Huizinga, H., J. Voget and W. Wagner, 2011, International taxation and cross-border banking, European Banking Center, Discussion paper, No. 2011-015. IMF, 2010, Financial Sector Taxation, IMF’s report to the G-20 and Background Material, Chapter 7. Keen, M., 2011, Rethinking the taxation of the financial sector, CESifo Economic Studies, 57, 1, 2011. Matheson, T., 2011, Taxing Financial Transactions: Issues and Evidence, IMF Working Paper 11/54. McCulloch, N. and G. Pacillo, 2011, The Tobin Tax: A Review of the Evidence, working paper. Schulmeister, S., M. Schratzenstaller, and O. Picek, 2008, A General Financial Transaction Tax, Motives, Revenues, Feasibility and Effects, Report commissioned by Ecosocial Forum Europe, co-financed by Federal Ministry of Finance and Federal Ministry of Economics and Labour, Vienna: WIFO Wagner, W., 2010, In the Quest of Systemic Externalities: A Review of the Literature, CESifo Economic Studies, 2010, Vol. 56, pp. 96-111.

Monday, November 4, 2019

Administrative Principles of Management Essay Sample

1. Division of LabourThis rule states that work can be performed more expeditiously and fruitfully if it is divided into smaller elements and delegating these specific elements to specific workers. This is similar to one best manner of making occupation as in scientific direction and occupation specialization in Bureaucracy. Each employee or a group of employee performs a specific undertaking. Division of labor harmonizing to occupation specialization is the chief map. 2. AuthorityAuthority is the given power ( based on legitimate regulation by organisation ) to an functionary to publish orders to subsidiaries and take work from them. This rule states that directors require authorization to execute their managerial duties. 3. DisciplineDiscipline is related with ordinance of behavior of employees at workplace. Without subject. authorization has no significance ; there should be person to obey the orders. This rule suggests that there is demand of a set of regulations and processs aimed at achieving good employee subject and obeisance. 4. Integrity of bidThis is the â€Å"one adult male one foreman rule† . An employee should have orders from merely one foreman merely. If a worker will have orders from several foremans he will be confused and over burdened. Besides there will be a job sing coverage. So this rule emphasizes on merely one foreman for a worker. 5. Subordination of single involvements to the organisational involvement.Employees must give their involvements for the good of the organisation. The organisational goals/ tasks/work would be preferred over involvement of worker or group of workers. Therefore an organisation should use merely those persons who are to the full committed to its aims and are willing to readily follow the organization’s mandates/rules. 6. Integrity of wayThis rule supposes that there should be merely one program and merely one foreman for each group of activities holding same aims. This is to guarantee that the organisation is prosecuting it all activities non in contradictory waies but there is alignment between activities. 7. Wage of forcesFair rewards work as a good motive for employees. Compensation for work done should be sensible to both – employees and organisation and it should be sufficiently motivational. neither overpaid nor underpaid. 8. CentralizationExcessively much centralisation leads to ineffectiveness and so does the decentalisation. There should be a balance of centralisation and decentalisation in organisations.The best attack to acquire the balance is top direction designs the broader scheme. policies and in-between degree and lower degree of directors interpret and operationalise them to work. 9. Scalar concatenationThis rule assumes that there should be clear hierarchy in organisation from top to down. The flow of communicating must follow the hierarchy that it should be purely perpendicular.Horizontal communicating is needed merely when there is pressing demand and permission from higher-ups has been obtained. 10. OrderOrder means making things in rational and logical mode. There should be a topographic point for everything and everything should be in its topographic point.An organization’s materials/resources should be at right topographic point at right clip. and its employees should be assigned to the occupations best suited to them. 11. EquityEquity means being sort. just and merely to your subsidiaries or employees. Equal and just intervention. nonpartisanship and bias free environment promotes employee motive committedness and trueness. 12. Stability of forces term of officeEmployees perform good when their occupation is secured ; they are protected from arbitrary dismissals. It is necessary to retain employees with organisation because high turnover rate may ensue high cost to organisation and leads to inefficiency. 13. EnterpriseOrganizations require directors who possess ability to gestate and implement new thoughts. They should be holding ability to self start and take on the hazard independently. 14. Esperit de corpsThe maintainance of high moral and unity among employees is an indispensable thing for success of organisation.

Saturday, November 2, 2019

Light in August Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Light in August - Essay Example Nicholas and Golay when critically analyzing William Fauklner’s novel â€Å"the light in august† gives a different point as a reason to why Joe hate women. Joe had an affair with Allen Bobbie, who’s a prostitute but after a short quarrel she ditched him and went away from town. This act leaved deep and life long affects on the way Joe stereotyped women for the rest of his life. Joe Christmas, main protagonist of the novel â€Å"the light in august† written by William Faulkner, serves as one of the novel’s most mysterious character. Portrayed as an angry man, he is the one stepping comfortably in neither black nor the white world. As Joe makes his first appearance in the novel, he arouses a strong amount of inquisitiveness on the mill workers, along with contempt for his greater lack of involvement and other appealing qualities. Though Faulkner has provided a number of statements to elucidate Christmas’s attitude, he still remains an isolated, enigmatic figure, indefinable. When working at the mill he is a non entity, an empty slate that is used by biased men who examines Joe according to their own minute level of understanding. Many of them believe that he is a native from an unknown foreign country. Joe Christmas is the central character for the theme projected by Faulkner. By his appearance and complexion he is a white man, but he suspects that he have some black ancestry. He is at times sickened by his blackness, like the time when he beats a prostitute for willing to sleep with a black man, and even loves to live in â€Å"black† neighborhood to absorb their norms and way of life. He perceives a mixed opinion, both ashamed and sometime proud of his blackness. He was always eager to inform everyone that he had a black heritage. He himself admits that his seek to come to terms with his racial uniqueness has entirely structured his life. Question 1: Why is Joe Christmas so violent towards women? The perception of feminine sexuality that Joe Christmas has is somehow similar to the characters of â€Å"Quentin Compson† and â€Å"Horace Benbow†, famous personalities of typical English literature. He is actually against the idea of menstruation, and equals hate the idea of naming a prostitute as an immoral woman. He adores the beauty and attractiveness of a virgin, declaring her a beautiful pot. Yet Christmas never loves the idea of women as a companion, which is why he favors prostitutes. Christmas links bodily blood with his outlook of women. He defines races and masculinity by the odor of their blood, and is responsible and ruined because of the color of his black blood. Faulkner intimately relates to Joe, in particular sexuality, race, and faith, is dyed by the metaphors of blood he belongs. His black blood is the most important element in Christmas's harsh view of women. He has a sick insight of women and her sexual position due to Christmas’s disturbing very first disc losure to sexuality, at the age little age of just five, where he supposed the mating act as aggressive and repulsive. Apart from the fact that he characterized sex as being a disgusted act, he developed the feeling that the male is predestined to provoke fear in his female co-worker. This idea remained in his mind for years and he acted brutally towards women in his own sexual encounters. Question 2: To what extent does his upbringing affect how he